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weight and performance calculations for the Short type 827
In this picture one can almost hear the 150 hp Sunbeam Nubian engine being throttled back as Short Type 827, No.8255, is about to alight. This particular machine was one of eight produced by Parnall at Bristol during the First World War.
Short type 827
role : light maritime two-seat patrol aircraft, ASW
importance : ***
first flight : operational : July 1915
country : United-Kingdom
design :
production : 108 aircraft
general information :
A slightly smaller development of the Short type 166. The aircraft was built by Short
Brothers (36 aircraft,[1]) and also produced by different contractors around the United
Kingdom, i.e. Brush Electrical (20), Parnall (20), Fairey (12) and Sunbeam (20).[2]
users : RNAS, Japan
crew : 2
armament : 1 movable 7.70 [mm] (0.303 in) Lewis machine-gun for the observer
engine : 1 Sunbeam Nubian liquid-cooled 8 -cylinder V-engine 155 [hp](114.0 KW)
dimensions :
wingspan : 16.43 [m], length : 10.74 [m], height : 4.11[m]
wing area : 47.01 [m^2]
weights :
max.take-off weight : 1542 [kg]
empty weight operational (estimation): 1125.1 [kg] bombload : 152 [kg]
performance :
maximum speed : 100 [km/hr] at sea-level
service ceiling : unknown
endurance : 3.5 [hours]
estimated action radius : 158 [km]
description :
2-bay two float biplane with tail float
2 (aid) tip floats
upper wingtips supported by slanted flying wires
two spar upper and lower wing
engines, landing gear, fuel and bombs in or attached to the fuselage
wings can be folded for easy storage
airscrew :
fixed pitch 2 -bladed tractor airscrew with max. efficiency :0.66 [ ]
estimated diameter airscrew 2.87 [m]
angle of attack prop : 10.32 [ ]
fine pitch
reduction : 0.61 [ ]
airscrew revs : 1353 [r.p.m.]
pitch at Max speed 1.23 [m]
blade-tip speed at Vmax and max revs. : 205 [m/s]
calculation : *1* (dimensions)
mean wing chord : 1.63 [m]
calculated wing chord (rounded tips): 1.78 [m]
wing aspect ratio : 10.05 []
estimated gap : 1.61 [m]
gap/chord : 0.98 [ ]
seize (span*length*height) : 725 [m^3]
calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)
oil consumption : 2.9 [kg/hr]
fuel consumption(cruise speed) : 28.3 [kg/hr] (38.6 [litre/hr]) at 77 [%] power
distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 3.18 [km/kg]
estimated total fuel capacity : 153 [litre] (112 [kg])
calculation : *3* (weight)
weight engine(s) dry : 310.0 [kg] = 2.72 [kg/KW]
weight reduction gear : 5.7 [kg]
weight 16 litre oil tank : 2.0 [kg]
oil tank filled with 0.9 litre oil : 0.8 [kg]
oil in engine 6 litre oil : 5.7 [kg]
fuel in engine 1 litre fuel : 0.6 [kg]
weight 16 litre gravity patrol tank(s) : 1.6 [kg]
weight radiator : 16.3 [kg]
weight exhaust pipes & fuel lines 14.5 [kg]
weight cowling 4.6 [kg]
weight airscrew(s) (wood) incl. boss & bolts : 19.0 [kg]
total weight propulsion system : 379 [kg](24.6 [%])
***************************************************************
fuselage skeleton (wood gauge : 8.26 [cm]): 165 [kg]
bracing : 11.0 [kg]
fuselage covering ( 16.9 [m2] doped linen fabric) : 5.4 [kg]
weight controls + indicators: 7.2 [kg]
weight seats : 6.0 [kg]
weight other details, lighting set, etc. : 5.1 [kg]
weight bomb storage : 10.6 [kg]
weight 137 [litre] main fuel tank empty : 13.1 [kg]
weight engine mounts & firewalls : 6 [kg]
total weight fuselage : 229 [kg](14.9 [%])
***************************************************************
weight wing covering (doped linen fabric) : 30 [kg]
total weight ribs (77 ribs) : 92 [kg]
load on front upper spar (clmax) per running metre : 777.4 [N]
load on rear upper spar (vmax) per running metre : 256.4 [N]
total weight 8 spars : 120 [kg]
weight wings : 242 [kg]
weight wing/square meter : 5.15 [kg]
weight wing folding system : 18 [kg]
weight 8 interplane struts & cabane : 23.4 [kg]
weight cables (67 [m]) : 12.7 [kg] (= 189 [gram] per metre)
diameter cable : 5.6 [mm]
weight fin & rudder (3.8 [m2]) : 19.9 [kg]
weight stabilizer & elevator (5.3 [m2]): 27.6 [kg]
total weight wing surfaces & bracing : 344 [kg] (22.3 [%])
*******************************************************************
weight machine-gun(s) : 12.7 [kg]
weight pivot mounting mg :6.0 [kg]
weight armament : 19 [kg]
********************************************************************
weight floats : 135 [kg] (8.8 [%])
*******************************************************************
An Admiralty Type 827 off the German East African coast, probably one of those sent to Mombasa in July 1915 for operations against the Konigsberg in the Rufiji delta.
********************************************************************
calculated empty weight : 1106 [kg](71.7 [%])
weight oil for 4.2 hours flying : 12.0 [kg]
weight cooling fluids : 23.5 [kg]
weight 5 drums empty : 1.0 [kg]
weight ammunition (235 rounds) : 7.5 [kg]
weight automatic pistol with spare magazines : 1.2 [kg]
*******************************************************************
calculated operational weight empty : 1150 [kg] (74.6 [%])
estimated operational weight empty : 1125 [kg] (73.0 [%])
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weight crew : 162 [kg]
weight fuel for 2.0 hours flying : 57 [kg]
********************************************************************
operational weight : 1368 [kg](88.7 [%])
bomb load : 152 [kg]
operational weight bombing mission : 1520 [kg]
fuel reserve : 22 [kg] enough for 0.77 [hours] flying
operational weight fully loaded : 1542 [kg] with fuel tank filled for 70 [%]
published maximum take-off weight : 1542 [kg] (100.0 [%])
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calculation : * 4 * (engine power)
power loading (operational without bombload) : 12.00 [kg/kW]
total power : 114.0 [kW] at 2200 [r.p.m]
calculation : *5* (loads)
manoeuvre load : 1.1 [g] at 1000 [m]
limit load : 3.5 [g] ultimate load : 5.2 [g] load factor : 2.3 [g]
design flight time : 2.80 [hours]
design cycles : 429 sorties, design hours : 1200 [hours]
operational wing loading : 285 [N/m^2]
wing stress (3 g) during operation : 166 [N/kg] at 3g emergency manoeuvre
calculation : *6* (angles of attack)
angle of attack zero lift : -1.11 ["]
max. angle of attack (stalling angle) : 11.37 ["]
angle of attack at max. speed : 5.67 ["]
calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios
lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° :0.10 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. angle of attack : 1.12 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.61 [ ]
induced drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0157 [ ]
drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.1210 [ ]
drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.1052 [ ]
A Short Type 827, identical to those produced by Parnall, being erected on the quayside at Kilwa during the First World War. This particular machine (8649) was built by the Sunbeam Motor Car Co.
calculation : *8* (speeds
stalling speed at sea-level (OW): 73 [km/u]
landing speed at sea-level (OW without bombload): 88 [km/hr]
min. drag speed (max endurance) : 85 [km/hr] at 1000 [m](power :65 [%])
min. power speed (max range) : 85 [km/hr] at 1000 [m] (power:65 [%])
cruising speed : 90 [km/hr] op 1000 [m] (power:73 [%])
design speed prop : 95 [km/hr]
maximum speed : 100 [km/hr] op 100 [m] (power:99 [%])
climbing speed at sea-level (without bombload) : 146 [m/min]
calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)
take-off distance at sea-level : 161 [m]
lift/drag ratio : 7.50 [ ]
max. practical ceiling : 3025 [m] with flying weight :1236 [kg]
practical ceiling (operational weight) : 2400 [m] with flying weight :1368 [kg] line 3385
practical ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 1 hour fuel) : 1775 [m] with flying weight :1514 [kg]
published ceiling (0 [m]
climb to 1500m (without bombload) : 12.66 [min]
max. dive speed : 223.2 [km/hr] at 775 [m] height
load factor at max. angle turn 1.46 ["g"]
turn radius at 500m: 61 [m]
time needed for 360* turn 15.2 [seconds] at 500m
calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)
operational endurance : 2.77 [hours] with 2 crew and 152 [kg] bombload and 69.6 [%] fuel
published endurance : 3.50 [hours] with 2 crew and possible useful (bomb) load : 131 [kg] and 88.1 [%] fuel
action radius : 335 [km] with 2 crew and 20[kg] photo camera or bombload
max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks for total 436 [litre] fuel : 1018 [km]
useful load with action-radius 250km : 163 [kg]
production : 14.65 [tonkm/hour]
oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 2.12 [kg]
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Type 827 at Lake Tanganika
Literature :
Jane’s FAWOI page 79,211f
DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be
regarded as indication not as facts.
Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights
and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.
Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data
is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information
so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/
content please mail to below mail address
(c) B van der Zalm 12 April 2020 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com python 3.7.4